It is part of what makes Israel special: the depth of history that lies within the ground everywhere. History going back 3,000 years, that is not only awe-inspiring, but makes physical the ancient Jewish connection to the land. Archeological exploration has gone on all over the country, and continues in the present. In fact Israel has the highest per capita rate of archeological excavations and expeditions in the world.
A good place to begin to understand it would be at the Israeli Foreign Ministry website Archeological Treasures.
Here you will discover explanations and pictures of major archeological sites in different parts of the country.